Novel reliable and dynamic energy-aware routing protocol for large scale wireless sensor networks

<p>Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are made up of an important number sensors, called nodes, distributed in random way a concerned monitoring area. All nodes the network mounted with limited energy sources, which makes harvesting on top list issues WSN. A poor communication architecture can result excessive consumption, reducing lifetime and throughput. Centralizing data collection introduction gateways (GTs), to help cluster heads (CHs), improved WSN life time significantly. However, vast regions, misplacement distribution GTs wastes huge amount decreases network’s performances. In this work, we describe reliable dynamic energy-awareness routing (RDEAR) protocol that provides new GT’s election approach taking into consideration CHs density, transmission distance energy. Applied 20 different networks, RDEAR reduced overall increased stability zone as well other compared metrics. Our proposed throughput 75.92% , 67.7% 9.78% low adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), efficient (DEEC) static multihop (SMR), protocols, respectively.</p>